[104][105], Sierra Leone is home to four terrestrial ecoregions: Guinean montane forests, Western Guinean lowland forests, Guinean forest-savanna mosaic, and Guinean mangroves. [39] The 64 remaining colonists established a second Granville Town.[46][47]. On 19 October 1998, 24 soldiers in the Sierra Leone armyincluding Gborie, Brigadier Hassan Karim Conteh, Colonel Samuel Francis Koroma, Major Kula Samba and Colonel Abdul Karim Sesaywere executed by firing squad after they were convicted in a court martial in Freetown, some for orchestrating the 1997 coup that overthrew President Kabbah and others for failure to reverse the mutiny.[94]. There are organised youth and adult football tournaments across the country, and there are various primary and secondary schools with football teams across Sierra Leone. The centre of the country is a region of lowland plains, containing forests, bush and farmland,[102] that occupies about 43% of Sierra Leone's land area. They are locally known as Sierra Leonean-Lebanese. The country can be divided into four distinct physical regions: the coastal swamp, the Sierra Leone Peninsula, the interior plains, and the interior plateau and mountain region. One of the most popular tourist destinations in Sierra Leone is located in this province: Outamba-Kilimi National Park. More and more of the country fell into the hands RUF fighters, and by 1994 they had gotten control of much of the diamond-rich Eastern Province and were getting close toward the capital Freetown. The current acting chief justice of Sierra Leone is Desmond Babatunde Edwards. [126] The military seized control in 1968, bringing the National Reformation Council into power. The large majority of SLPP members backed Albert Margai over Karefa-Smart. The Njala University is the second largest university in Sierra Leone located in Bo city. [228], One of the consequences women in Sierra Leone face after a prolonged and obstructed labour that would have required a c-section is obstetric fistula. UNITED NATIONS INTEGRATED PEACEBUILDING OFFICE IN SIERRA LEONE. The Sierra Leone Police is headed by the Inspector General of Police, the professional head of the Sierra Leone Police force, who is appointed by the president of Sierra Leone. The ratio of men and women in Bo District, Sierra Leone. There are two mountain ranges in this province, and it is one of two provinces without any coastline. According to an Overseas Development Institute report, private health expenditure accounts for 85.7% of total spending on health. One of the most popular tourist destinations in Sierra Leone is located in this province: Outamba-Kilimi National Park. Current ratio of men and women in absolute and relative values in Bo District, Sierra Leone. Problems experienced with access to the Internet include an intermittent electricity supply and a slow connection speed in the country outside Freetown. The 2021 census is a mid-term census. Margai used his conservative ideology to lead Sierra Leone without much strife. Upon arrival in Sierra Leone, each recaptive was given a registration number, and information on their physical qualities would be entered into the Register of Liberated Africans. One of the biggest minority ethnic groups are the Fula at around 3.8% of the population. Poyo bars are areas of lively informal debate about politics, football, basketball, entertainment and other issues. Samuel Ajayi Crowther was the first student to be enrolled at Fourah Bay. Chiefdoms [ edit] Further information: Chiefdoms of Sierra Leone The chiefdoms of Sierra Leone. Black settlers were captured by unscrupulous traders and sold as slaves, and the remaining colonists were forced to arm themselves for their own protection. In addition to being Sierra Leones capital and largest city, Freetown is a major port city and utilizes one of the worlds largest natural deep water harbors. Brooklyn Museum. The capital of this province is the city of Bo, and the largest ethnic group is the Mende ethnic group. In 1977, a nationwide student demonstration against the government disrupted Sierra Leone politics. [226] For every 100 liveborn children, one mother dies due to complications of giving birth. The Yalunka also spelled Jallonke, Yalonga, Djallonk, Djallonka or Dialonk, are Mande people who have lived in the Djallon, a mountainous region in Sierra Leone, Mali, Senegal, Guinea Bissau and Guinea Conakry West Africa over 520 years ago. Other minor political parties have also existed but with no significant support.[117]. [39], In January 1787, the Atlantic and the Belisarius set sail for Sierra Leone, but bad weather forced them to divert to Plymouth, during which time about 50 passengers died. The coast has areas of low-lying Guinean mangroves swamp. They are descendants of traders from Guinea who migrated to Sierra Leone during the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. The district has the highest percentage, a total of 10.2%, making it the most populated in the country. We operate Wellbody Clinic; support Koidu Government Hospital (KGH), Kono's only hospital; and are supporting smaller public primary . It is from these hills that the major rivers in the district. [163] In the past this project received its funding of over $200 million from a combination of the World Bank, the African Development Bank, and the Italian company Salini Impregilo. 131,001. Krio is the most widely spoken language across Sierra Leone, spoken by 97% of the country's population. Many Sierra Leonean youth, children and adults follow the major football leagues in Europe, particularly the English Premier League, Italian Serie A, Spanish La Liga, German Bundesliga and French Ligue 1. 2004 saw a population of four million, nine hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred and seventy-one (4,976,871) and in the 2015 census Sierra Leone recorded a total population of seven million and ninety-two thousand, one hundred and thirteen (7,092,113), the last census before the latest mid-term population and housing census which indicated a total of eight hundred and forty-three thousand two hundred and fifty-four (843,254) residential buildings, whilst for non-residential a total of seven thousand five hundred and three ( 7,503). [108] The country had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 2.76/10, ranking it 154th globally out of 172 countries.[109]. Of that 12%, 10% was in the capital Freetown, and the remaining 90% of the country used 2% of the nation's electricity. [39] The Settlers built Freetown in the styles they knew from their lives in the American South; they also continued American fashion and American manners. Like the Fula, the Mandinka are virtually all Muslims at over 99. The amount of illegal fishing has significantly depleted fish stocks, depriving local fishing communities of an important resource for survival. But if a woman gets married, she will not be entitled as the head of the house any more. Sherbro was influential and powerful and the British greatly feared him. On 16 January 1996, after about four years in power, Strasser was arrested in a palace coup staged by his fellow NPRC soldiers led by Brigadier Bio at the Defence Headquarters in Freetown. The situation in the country deteriorated to such an extent that British troops were deployed in Operation Palliser, originally simply to evacuate foreign nationals. Authorities have been slow to implement reforms in the civil service, and the pace of the privatisation programme is also slackening and donors have urged its advancement. [74][75] Thousands of Sierra Leoneans took to the streets in celebration. The Limba are about 60% Christian and 40% Muslims. Both genders experienced and were involved in high levels of violence. [209] In numbers, females present a lower per cent (6.3) versus males (15.2) when it comes to be paid employees. Aside from the human cost, the outbreak was severely eroding the economy. [156], As of 2012, Sierra Leone has 3 main hydroelectric plants. [49] Black settlers in Sierra Leone enjoyed much more autonomy than their white equivalent in European countries. She employed her capacity for friendly communications to persuade the British to give her control of the Kpaa Mende chiefdom. The majority of the Kono ethnic group are Christians, though with an influential Muslim minority. [159] It is located near the Seli River and Freetown and was estimated to produce about 50 megawatts of electricity. President Momoh named James Bambay Kamara as the head of the Sierra Leone Police. After 11 years, the country conducted another census in 1974, in that headcount, the population grew to two million, seven hundred and thirty-five thousand one hundred and fifty-nine (2,735,159) and after another 11 years in 1985, the census report recorded a population of three million five hundred and fifteen thousand, eight hundred and twelve (3,515,812). The names of the four provinces are straightforward and related to their geographical position: The Western Area contains the capital of Sierra Leone, Freetown. Clarkson initially banned the survivors of Granville Town from joining the new settlement, blaming them for the demise of Granville Town. Krio (derived from English and several indigenous African languages, and the language of the Sierra Leone Krio people) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. In 1462, Portuguese explorer Pedro de Sintra mapped the hills surrounding what is now Freetown Harbour, naming the shaped formation Serra da Leoa or "Serra Leoa" (Portuguese for Lioness Mountains). [174] "Pandebu-Tokpombu" is presumably the extended town of Torgbonbu, which had a population of 10,716 in the 2004 census. With Strasser's two most senior NPRC allies and commanders Lieutenant Sahr Sandy and Lieutenant Solomon Musa no longer around to defend him, Strasser's leadership within the NPRC's Supreme Council of State became fragile. The capital of this province is Kenema, which is the economic center of the region and one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the country. Freetown has internet cafs and other businesses offering internet access. Sierra Leoneans did not passively accept such manipulations. The Oku people are related to the Krio and primarily reside in the communities of Fourah Bay, Fula Town, and Aberdeen in Freetown. The Susu and Yalunka are both descendants of migrants from Guinea; they both are virtually all Muslims at over 99%. In October 1990, owing to mounting pressure from both within and outside the country for political and economic reforms, president Momoh set up a constitutional review commission to assess the 1978 one-party constitution. Other popular destinations for tourists include the Freetown Cotton Tree, located in Central Freetown, a significant national monument and integral to the founding of the city; Bunce Island, which is a boat ride from the city, is home to the ruins of the slave fortress that was being used during the Transatlantic slave trade; the Sierra Leone Museum, which has a collection of both precolonial as well as colonial artifacts and other items of historical significance; the National Railway Museum; or take a journey around the city's coastline with the popular Sea Coach Express. [258] Among newspaper readership, young people are likely to read newspapers weekly and older people daily. Sir Milton Margai became Sierra Leone's first prime minister. [56][57][58][59], The settlement of Sierra Leone in the 1800s was unique in that the population was composed of displaced Africans who were brought to the colony after the British abolition of the slave trade in 1807. Radio is the most popular and most-trusted media in Sierra Leone, with 85% of people having access to a radio and 72% of people in the country listening to the radio daily. After a trial that lasted a few months, Bangura was convicted and sentenced to death. According to the Emergency Food Security Assessment in Sierra Leone 2015, over 57% of the district . The Southern Province is divided into four districts: The North West Province of Sierra Leone borders the Atlantic Ocean, Guinea, and three domestic regions. 2020-02-06 Bumbuna is a town in the central of Tonkolili District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone. Each district has both major and small cities and towns. [1][2] Previously, the country was divided into 14 districts. Norman was a guard to Governor-general Sir Henry Lightfoot-Boston. Manga Sewa was born in Falaba, Solima chiefdom, in the Northern Province of British Sierra Leone to Yalunka parents. Sierra Leone,[note 1] officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. The Kissi live further inland in South-Eastern Sierra Leone. 267,266. Nyagua (c. 18421906), also known as the "Tracking King", was a fierce king who captured many districts and many people came to join him for protection. [35] The Dutch and French also started arriving and set up trade near the coast. The centre provides a variety of maternal and child health services and is supported by not for profit organisations such as Freedom from Fistula,[231] The Aminata Maternal Foundation,[232][bettersourceneeded] and UNFPA. The town lies about 30 miles . The Maliki school is by far the largest and most dominant Islamic school of jurisprudence across Sierra Leone. Until 1906, Madam Yoko ruled as a paramount chief in the new British Protectorate. Sierra Leone is subdivided into four regions which are the Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western Provinces which are further subdivided into 14 districts. The population of all Sierra Leonean cities and urban localities with more than 7.000 inhabitants according to census results. The provincial districts are divided into 186 chiefdoms, which have traditionally been led by paramount chiefs, recognised by the British administration in 1896 at the time of organising the Protectorate of Sierra Leone. [184] Shia Islam does not have a strong presence in Sierra Leone, and there are virtually no Shia Muslims in the country. Many sufferers try to cure themselves with the help of traditional healers. Its members represented both British who hoped to inspire local entrepreneurs and those with interest in the Macauley & Babington Company, which held the (British) monopoly on Sierra Leone trade. Media in Sierra Leone began with the introduction of the first printing press in Africa at the start of the 19th century. The current speaker of the Sierra Leone parliament is Abass Bundu, who was elected by members of parliament on 21 January 2014. If you are interested in the answer to the question "How many men and women are there in Koinadugu District, Sierra Leone?" The incident brought religious tension in Sierra Leone, in a country known for its high level of religious tolerance, as many Sierra Leonean Muslims at home and abroad called for Ajisafe to be deported back to his home country of Nigeria. With a new decentralisation policy, embodied in the Local Government Act of 2004, responsibility for water supply in areas outside the capital was passed from the central government to local councils. The president is the most powerful government official in Sierra Leone.[114]. Nyagua also resisted the British. [82], Stevens had Bangura arrested in 1970 and charged with conspiracy and treason. Sierra Leone, [note 1] officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. Originally named Serra Leoa (Portuguese for 'lioness mountains') by Portuguese explorer Pedro de Sintra in 1462, the modern name is derived from the Italian spelling, which was introduced by Venetian explorer Alvise Cadamosto and subsequently copied by other European mapmakers. As of May 2014, the country's only international airport had regularly scheduled direct flights to London, Paris, Brussels and most major cities in West Africa. Soon after Albert Margai was sworn in as Prime Minister, he fired several senior government officials who had served in his elder brother Sir Milton's government, viewing them as a threat to his administration, including Karefa-Smart. The Creoles, a descendant from the Nova Scotia, Maroons and Recaptives. Prior to 2017, the area of the North West Province was included in the Northern Province, and its cumulative area measured 35,936 square kilometers (13,874 square miles). Religious tolerance in the West African nation is very high and is generally considered a norm and part of Sierra Leone's cultural identity. The Sierra Leone Islamic Supreme Council is the highest Islamic religious organisation in Sierra Leone and is made up of the country's Imams, Islamic scholars, and other Islamic clerics across the country. When Sierra Leone gained independence in 1961, the Royal Sierra Leone Military Force was created from the Sierra Leone Battalion of the West African Frontier Force. Momoh broke from former President Siaka Stevens by integrating the powerful SSD into the Sierra Leone Police as a special paramilitary force. There are also other popular beaches like the world renowned River Number 2 Beach, Laka Beach, Tokeh Beach, Bureh Beach, and Mama Beach. The current members of the Parliament of Sierra Leone were elected in the 2012 Sierra Leone parliamentary election. The report indicated that the countrys just-concluded first digital census proves that the nations population is Seven million, five hundred and forty-eight thousand seven hundred and two (7,548,702). The situation is particularly serious as fishing provides the only source of income for many communities in a country still recovering from over a decade of civil war.[112]. The districts are further divided into a total of 190 (prior to 2017, 149) chiefdoms,[1] whose elected leaders provided most of local government from 1896 to 2004, when they were supplemented by elected local councils. In 1992, just a year after the war broke out, President Momoh was ousted in a coup led by Sierra Leone Army captain Valentine Strasser. ", War and state collapse: The case of Sierra Leone, "NPRC's Komba Kambo Speaks After Eleven Years Of Silence! Within the confines of the 1991 Constitution, supreme legislative powers are vested in Parliament, which is the law-making body of the nation. Bio replaced outgoing President Ernest Bai Koroma after Bio was sworn into office on 4 April 2018 by Chief Justice Abdulai Cham. [98] The epidemic occurred as part of the wider Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. [176] Most of Sierra Leone's ethnic groups are Muslim majority, including the country's two largest ethnic groups: the Mende and Temne. The current Governor of the Bank of Sierra Leone Kaifala Marah is an ethnic Kuranko. In 2015, CDC established an office in Sierra Leone to focus on global health security and . [128][129], Excessive police brutality is also a frequent problem. This environment protected its people from conquest by the Mandinka and other African empires,[30][31] and limited the influence of the Mali Empire. [209] As in the rest of the countries, education is a key factor in succeeding in aspects such as a well-paid job and covering the needs of a house. There is also a supply of natural resources such as gold, aluminum, and bauxite, which also contribute to the local economy. In the west, Sierra Leone has some 400km (249mi) of Atlantic coastline, giving it both bountiful marine resources and attractive tourist potential. Combined, the two provinces had a total land area of 35,936 square kilometers (13,874 square miles), but there is no official measure of the areas of the new individual provinces. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 90.2 (2012): 120-127F. The area is a peninsula and contains Freetown, the capital city of the country. Sierra Leone's national politics centres on the competition between the north-west, dominated by the Temne, and the south-east dominated by the Mende. The coastal swamp region extends along the Atlantic for about 200 miles (320 km). In other words, the population of Sierra Leone has grown almost three and half times it was in 1963 (2,180,355). In 1808, Sierra Leone became a British crown colony, ruled under a colonial governor. [181][182][183] The Islamic holidays of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Maulid-un-Nabi (Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are observed as national holidays in Sierra Leone. At the end of the 19th century, the industry went into decline, and when radio was introduced in the 1930s, it became the primary communication media in the country. Some of these policies by the SLPP and the NRC were said to have left the country in an economically deprived state.[20]. Men continue to be the lesser population with a total of three million seven hundred and twenty-seven thousand, seven hundred and forty-seven (3,727,747), comprising 49.4% of the total population. Another 24 were discharged, and another 23 ran away. The two biggest and most successful football clubs are East End Lions and Mighty Blackpool. There are five hundred Ahmadiyya Mosque across Sierra Leone. [157] The burning of these sources has been reported to have adverse health effects on women and children. The Western Area Urban District, including Freetown, the capital and largest city, has a population density of 1,224 persons per square km. In August 2017, one new province (Northwestern), two new districts (Falaba and Karene) and. Sierra Leone's tropical climate, heavy annual rainfall, and abundance of rivers give it the potential to realistically pursue more solar and hydropower alternatives. One traditional leader from each district occupies a seat in Sierra Leone's parliament. [21] Bio handed power over to Ahmad Tejan Kabbah of the SLPP, after the conclusion of elections in early 1996 which Kabbah won. 49,839; Regent Urban Area: pop. 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