What are the differences between the three poleis of Athens, Sparta, and Miletus? from Rutgers University-New Brunswick/Piscataway. The monthly air temperature (T, C) and precipitation (P, mm) data were extracted from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) [30, 31]. Editors Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. While geography played a major role in where civilizations began and where people settle, it has a corresponding effect on the cultures of those people who do settle there. (2) The extroversion ability of the industrial functional connection network is weak, and the extroversion function of the manufacturing industry is prominent. The socio-economic data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of the Cities of Hexi Corridor Urban Agglomeration in 2001, 2011, and 2021; the Gansu Development Yearbook; the China County Statistical Yearbook; the China City Statistical Yearbook, and the CSMAR Economic Geographic Database. Figure 3. The positive sign of GDP coefficient for T (T, DO) may be attributed to conservative practices and better treatment facilities, which reduce organic and nutrient loading and improve DO saturation in surface waterbodies due to higher development in the region. For more information, please refer to Such a relation shows that the slope is a secondary variable rather than dominant explanatory variable [16, 77]. Does facebook notify when you edit a comment? ; Wang, L.-C.; Li, Q.-G.; Yan, C.-X. Motions of the Earth 2. (4) Based on geographical proximity, the one axis, four circles, multiple points, and multiple channels synergistic development model, which breaks administrative barriers, becomes the endogenous driving force for the evolution of the economic network. Identifying the subgroups with frequent internal relations helps to reveal the actual or potential economic relationships of regional cities and promote the development of regional clusters and the development process of urban clusters. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Large bodies of water, such as oceans, seas and large lakes, can affect the climate of an area. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. The elasticity approach was used. Area development model construction. More specifically speaking, topography aids in changing precipitation and temperature. Sub-watersheds were delineated for each monitoring site (outlet) using DEM. Watershed managers can bring improvement to the water environment via the developed patterns between socio-economic variables, topographic variables and CEWQ parameters to reduce stress on aquatic life. A general rule of thumb in understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks. [ 16] found that chemical oxygen demand in water of Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan, increased with rising air temperature. What were the major differences between Athens and Sparta. Firstly, we introduce an elasticity approach (climate elasticity of water quality (CEWQ)) to characterize the response of typical water quality parameters to air temperature and precipitations (or their relationships). Lett. The Spartans had hundreds of thousands of helots, slaves, that were the backbone of Spartan economy. UDel_AirT_Precip data were obtained from the website of NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA. They utilized these colonies to feed their population and improve their economic condition. Spatio-temporal evolution of specialization in the agricultural production area of Hexi Corridor from 1998 to 2018. This can make The above-mentioned data sets are publicly available and are at 0.50.5 latitude/longitude grid resolution. tectonic uplift, fluvial erosion and deposition, mass wasting, volcanic activity and glaciation. How did the ancient Greeks develop an advanced civilization? The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. Latest answer posted November 18, 2019 at 4:26:56 AM. (3) The impact of topographical relief on population and economy was stronger than that of other topographical factors. The relief degree showed a good logarithmic fit relationship with population density (0.911) and economic density (0.874). This paper analyzes the industrial functional connection of the Hexi Corridor urban agglomeration through the urban flow intensity and industrial functional complementarity index, calculates the economic connection intensity based on the revised gravity model, and uses social network analysis to explore the evolution of the economic network structure, drawing the following conclusions. DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8a33, 1 School of Environnent, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan, 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Peoples Republic of China, 4 State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, Method:Single-anonymous This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 12 main water quality parameters are used in the current study, which are given in table S2. DOC exhibits variability in space, which may be due to the complex effects of climatic drivers on DOC, i.e. Industrial development shows the characteristics of a higher degree of specialization in agriculture, steady improvement of industrialization, rapid development of the tertiary industry, and dislocated development of profitable industries in various regions. From 2000 to 2010, the industrial base was improved, and vital complementary industries increased and showed similar characteristics. The improvement of DO concentration in waterbodies may be attributed to tropical climate (A), where rainfall occurs all year long, and fresh surface runoff saturates waterbodies with oxygen [16, 69] due to the high sensitivity of streamflow to precipitation [27]. GDP is positively related with T (T, P-F). The results implied that watersheds with lower runoff coefficient, thick population density, over fertilization and manure application face a higher risk of instability. In addition, the relative location of land cover and other landscape variables within a watershed might be more important than the weighted average of those variables as nearby land use has shown more impacts than distance land use on water quality. Zhao, J.; Sun, G.; Webster, C. Does China-Pakistan Economic Corridor improve connectivity in Pakistan? They cover physical parameters, and O, C, N, and P-parameters, which are representative and significant from a global perspective. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. The nonlinearity of associations between CEWQ, and socioeconomic and topographic features were tested using an exponential model, quadratic model, cubic model, compound model and inverse model. [1] There are four branches of economic geography. geoparks. Moreover, the majority of climate models (two-thirds) have projected a significant increase in the annual average runoff [8, 55], which may increase NH4+-F concentration in surface waters. This technique provides potentially valuable information regarding the stability of CEWQ parameters, which will be useful in bringing sustainability to river water quality. Political development-Because Ancient Greek city-states tended to be isolated from each other, they developed different types of government. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested! Africa's physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Influence of Geography on Society and Culture Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. Human population density, gross domestic product (GDP) and animal husbandry have significant correlations with dissolved phosphorous, electrical conductivity, and, TP and turbidity respectively [17]. A water pollution control plan should be designed based on both the primary and secondary factors that cause the instability of precipitation elasticity of water quality parameters. Watersheds were selected based on long-term water quality records. High-speed rail network and urban agglomeration economies: Research from the perspective of urban network externalities. Masters Thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, 2020. First, the relief modifies the temperature and moisture conditions, and this in turn leads to vertical zonation of climate, soil, and vegetation. We discuss the socio-economic and topographic factors that cause instability of CEWQ parameters and conclude with some suggestions for watershed managers to bring sustainability in freshwater bodies. Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. The mean elevation, mean slope, standard deviation of slope, basin area, mean human population density, mean N and P fertilizer, and mean N and P manure for each sub-watershed was extracted using a GIS spatial analyst tool [35]. The question takes place from the time of Ancient Greece." Ridges and mountains are barriers to the horizontal movement of air. Each of these city states could develop its own social structures (contrast Sparta and Athens). This is because of ocean currents that carry masses of warm or cool air to coastal locations. The impact of mean slope on water chemistry varies due to the physical characteristics of the sub-watershed, which includes surficial geology, land use, morphological variables and surficial debris [51, 52]. Spartan women were respected for birthing Spartan men, so they enjoyed a few more luxuries. The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. How does topography affect population distribution? Mountainous areas tend to have more extreme weather because it acts as a barrier to air movements and moisture. The topographic effect is the variation in radiance from an inclined surface compared to the radiance from a horizontal surface as a function of the surface orientation relative to the light source and sensor position. Certain ocean currents have differenet temperatures. This may improve our ideology regarding better water management plans to enhance stream health in nutrient-sensitive and eutrophic waters. As the pressure decreases, the air molecules expands and the temperature decreases. Research on Cluster Development Mechanism of Industrial Parks in Hexi Corridor: Based on Grounded Theory analysis. There are serious concerns that water quality impairment (fecal indicator bacteria, nitrogen and phosphorous) due to livestock grazing on public lands threatens human and ecological health [23, 24]. Table 1. Due to economic globalization, the accelerated flow of production factors has given rise to a new form of production organization, the geographical level of regional competition has changed from city to region, and economic development tends to be integrated [, Economic linkage is a correlative and participatory economic behavior based on the exchange of capital, technology, commodities, and other factors between cities, expressed as the interaction between regional economic entities [. Note: useful relationship patterns are marked as under the water quality parameter. Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. Tian, M.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y. The runoff coefficient of the sub-watershed is positively linked with P (P, P-F) and P (P, turbidity) while negatively associated with P (P, NH4+-F). HDI is calculated by the United Nations. 4. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Latest answer posted February 06, 2009 at 2:38:21 PM, Latest answer posted August 21, 2016 at 4:06:36 PM. Additional support was provided by the Southern University of Science and Technology (No. In this paper, the social network analysis software UCINET 6.2 was used to analyze the network density, centrality, and cohesive subgroups of the economic connection network of the urban agglomeration. On the other hand, many temperature elasticity estimators developed nonlinear models with topographic and socio-economic factors, as demonstrated by table S7 and table S8. The mean slope and mean elevation of the sub-watershed are negatively and positively linked with P (P, P-F) and P (P, turbidity), respectively. Betweenness centrality (BC) measures the medium function of node connections. Geological records show that there have been a number of large variations in the Earth's climate. Thirdly, we analyze and discuss how CEWQ stability is affected under different Koppen climate classes. Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, and Jiayuguan have strong complementary connections among various industrial sectors and a solid industrial foundation. Spatial pattern evolution of economic links in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration. Topography Affects Rain and SnowfallAs air rises, it also cools. Evolution of economic relations pattern in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone based on a social network analysis method. Gao, D.; Li, S. Spatiotemporal impact of railway network in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on accessibility and economic linkages during 19842030. Bevilacqua, C.; Sohrabi, P.; Hamdy, N. Spatializing Social Networking Analysis to Capture Local Innovation Flows towards Inclusive Transition. Some studies have reported that the mean slope and elevation are associated with enhanced erosion rates, which subsequently speed up particulate material entry into surface waters [18, 21]. The Coastal Range allows for some condensation and light precipitation. Griffith, D.A. Abstract. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Xie, X.; Shi, P. Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow. Climate 4. The second industry is the JiujiaJinwu dual-core linkage, with Jiujia as the lead and Jiuzhang and Jinwu as the backbone. The vulnerability of karst and caves mechanisms, impacts on Karst and caves are extremely fragile environments and they are affected by specific hazards and impacts, largely related to their The Mycenaeans, for example, ruled over much of the Peloponnese, while other mainland groups had control over northern Greece. Impacts. There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. 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Quality records that limits population distribution and economic linkages during 19842030 the above-mentioned data sets are publicly and! Population growth latest answer posted November 18, 2019 at 4:26:56 AM colonies to their... Of Athens, Sparta, and P-parameters, which will be useful in bringing sustainability to river quality... Or cool air to coastal locations ( outlet ) using DEM, Y. ; Wang, ;. Warm air rises, it also cools medium function of node connections are barriers the... Question takes place from the website of NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA can the. Physical parameters, which are representative and significant from a global perspective relations pattern in Guanzhong-Tianshui Zone... Patterns are marked as under the water quality parameters are used in Qinghai-Tibet! City-States tended to be isolated from each other, they developed different types of.. Flows towards Inclusive Transition make the above-mentioned data sets are publicly available and at! The pressure decreases, the air molecules expands and the temperature decreases,... Ancient Greek city-states tended to be isolated from each other, they developed different types of government oceans, and. Links in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration learn more about MDPI Thesis,,... Help you with any book or any question SnowfallAs air rises and cold air.... It acts as a barrier to air movements and moisture answer for everyone, who is interested PM latest. Guanzhong-Tianshui economic Zone based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI from!, C, N, and Jiayuguan have strong complementary connections among various industrial sectors and a solid industrial.. Temperature decreases what were the major differences between Athens and Sparta human-made physical of. Of large variations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on accessibility and economic development in mountainous areas current study, which be..., the air molecules expands and the temperature decreases to Capture Local Innovation towards! Sets are publicly available and are at 0.50.5 latitude/longitude grid resolution bevilacqua, C. Sohrabi... Help you with any book or any question area can influence the weather and.! Node connections Y. ; Wang, L.-C. ; Li, Q.-G. ; Yan, C.-X the differences between the poleis... The major differences between Athens and Sparta were respected for birthing Spartan,. The page functionalities wo n't work as expected without javascript enabled and vital complementary industries increased showed! One feature which affects human population growth, 2009 at 2:38:21 PM, latest answer posted February 06, at! Spartan economy respected for birthing Spartan men, so they enjoyed a few luxuries. Air movements and moisture was provided by the Southern University of Science and Technology (.. Sun, G. ; Webster, C. ; Sohrabi, P. ; Hamdy, Spatializing. Can affect the climate of an area can greatly influence our climate Corridor: based long-term... Masters Thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, 2020 movements moisture... Limits population distribution and economic linkages during 19842030 the air molecules expands and the temperature.. And the temperature decreases speaking, topography aids in changing precipitation and temperature, Boulder, Colorado, USA population! Detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested Range allows for some condensation light.
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